CNC technology, referred to as CNC (NumericalControl). It is a method that uses digital information to control machine tool movement and processing processes. Machine tools that use CNC technology to implement processing control, or machine tools equipped with a CNC system, are called numerical control (CNC) machine tools.
The CNC system includes: CNC device, programmable controller, spindle driver and feeding device. CNC machine tools are highly integrated products of machinery, electricity, liquid, gas and light. To control the machine tool, it is necessary to use geometric information to describe the relative motion between the tool and the workpiece and use process information to describe some process parameters that the machine tool must have for processing.
For example: feed speed, spindle speed, spindle forward and reverse rotation, tool change, coolant switch, etc. This information forms a processing file (i.e., a normal CNC processing program) in a certain format and is stored on an information carrier (such as a disk, punched paper tape, magnetic tape, etc.), and is then read in by the CNC system on the machine tool (or directly through the CNC system). Keyboard input, or input through communication), by decoding it, the machine tool moves and processes parts. Modern CNC machine tools are typical products of mechatronics and are the technical basis for a new generation of production technology, computer integrated manufacturing systems, etc. .
The development trend of modern CNC machine tools is high speed,a high precision, high reliability, multi-function, composite, intelligent and open structure. The main development trend is to develop intelligent full-function general-purpose CNC devices with open structures in both software and hardware. CNC technology is the foundation of mechanical processing automation and the core technology of CNC machine tools. Its level is related to the country's strategic status and the level of reflecting the country's comprehensive strength. It develops with the development of information technology, microelectronics technology, automation technology and detection technology. develop.
A CNC machining center is a CNC machine tool that has a tool magazine and can automatically change tools, and can perform various processing operations on workpieces within a certain range. The characteristics of parts processed on a machining center are: after the processed parts are clamped once, the CNC system can control the machine tool to automatically select and replace tools according to different processes; it can automatically change the machine tool spindle speed, feed amount, and the motion trajectory of the tool relative to the workpiece. And other auxiliary functions, it can continuously and automatically perform multi-process processing such as drilling, countersinking, reaming, boring, tapping, and milling on each processing surface of the workpiece.
