I.Process Equipment and Tools
The equipment involved in machining processes is diverse, primarily including lathes, milling machines, drilling machines, boring machines, grinding machines, roller machines, planing machines, EDM machines, sawing machines, wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) machines, engraving machines, laser cutting machines, precision engraving machines, and CNC bending machines. These machines are usually equipped with various cutting tools, clamping devices, and tooling to meet different processing requirements.
II. Main Processing Methods
1.Material Removal Processes:
①Cutting Processes: Excess material is removed through the relative motion between the cutting tool and the workpiece, including turning, milling, drilling, planing, and boring. These processing methods are commonly used for cylindrical, conical, and complex rotating parts, as well as shapes such as planes, inclined planes, and grooves.
②Grinding Processes: Material is removed by the high-speed rotation of a grinding wheel, utilizing the relative motion between the abrasive and the workpiece to achieve precise dimensions and a smooth surface. Grinding is often used for processing high-precision planes, cylindrical surfaces, and internal bores.
2.Plastic Deformation Processes:
①Forging: Metal blanks undergo plastic deformation through hammering or pressing to form the required shape and size. Forging is commonly used to manufacture high-strength, high-toughness parts such as shafts, gears, and connecting rods.
②Stamping: Dies and press machines are used to punch, bend, stretch, and form sheet metal. Stamping is often used to manufacture thin-walled parts and mass-produced components, such as automotive trim parts and electrical enclosures.
